Vertical video safe zones
Half the height of a vertical frame is unusable, the safe box is not centred, and most numbers on the web are repeated from a source that no longer says them. These were read from official documentation and, where a platform publishes templates, measured from the templates themselves.
What is the safe area on a 1080×1920 vertical video?
| Platform | Top | Bottom | Left | Right | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TikTok feed (In-Feed / For You) | 240px | 660px | 120px | 300px | official-template-measured |
| Instagram Reels | 269px | 672px | 65px | 65px | official |
| YouTube Shorts | 288px | 672px | 48px | 192px | official |
| Instagram Stories | 269px | 672px | 65px | 65px | official |
| Facebook Reels | 269px | 672px | 65px | 65px | official |
| Facebook Stories | 250px | 340px | not established | not established | disputed |
| Snapchat (Spotlight, Stories, Commercials - one shared spec) | 192px | 672px | 65px | 162px | official |
| LinkedIn vertical video | not established | not established | not established | not established | not established |
| X (Twitter) vertical video | not established | not established | not established | not established | not established |
Why that box, and how it was derived
Recommended universal safe area on a 1080x1920 frame: top 288px (15%), bottom 672px (35%), left 120px (11.1%), right 300px (27.8%). That leaves a usable rectangle of 660 x 960px at x 120-780, y 288-1248 - 61.1% of the width and 50.0% of the height. Derivation: it is the per-side maximum across the four platforms with published numbers, so it satisfies all of them simultaneously. Top is set by YouTube (288px, the deepest of the four; Meta 269, TikTok 240, Snapchat 192). Bottom is set jointly by Meta, YouTube and Snapchat, which all land on exactly 672px / 35% (TikTok's standard template is slightly shallower at 660px). Left is set by TikTok's 120px edge band (Meta 65, Snapchat 65, YouTube only 48). Right is set by TikTok's action-rail reserve of 300px (YouTube 192, Snapchat 162, Meta a badly optimistic 65). Two consequences worth passing to a prompt writer. First, the safe box is NOT centred: its centre sits at x=450, which is 90px (8.3% of frame width) left of the true centre line at x=540, so a subject composed dead-centre drifts under the action rail. Second, exactly half the frame height is unusable, so a vertical video is compositionally a roughly square window floating in the upper-middle of a tall frame. PARANOID VARIANT, if the video may ever run as a TikTok ad with an anchor button and a four-line caption: bottom rises to 1016px (52.9%) and the usable box collapses to 660 x 616px at y 288-904 - a landscape-ish window in the upper third. INSTAGRAM CROP OVERLAY, separate and additive: because an Instagram Reel is also re-cropped as a 1:1.55 cover and a taller-than-square grid tile, and because YouTube's player can compress to 1:1 on interaction, the subject must additionally survive a centred crop of roughly 4:5 to 1:1. Combining the two constraints, the genuinely bulletproof zone for a face or product is a centred region about 60% of frame width and spanning roughly 25%-50% of frame height.
Common questions
What is the safe zone for TikTok feed (In-Feed / For You)?
On a 1080×1920 frame, TikTok feed (In-Feed / For You) reserves 240px at the top and 660px at the bottom, with 120px on the left and 300px on the right. Source: official-template-measured, read on 2026-08-14.
What is the safe zone for Instagram Reels?
On a 1080×1920 frame, Instagram Reels reserves 269px at the top and 672px at the bottom, with 65px on the left and 65px on the right. Source: official, read on 2026-08-14.
What is the safe zone for YouTube Shorts?
On a 1080×1920 frame, YouTube Shorts reserves 288px at the top and 672px at the bottom, with 48px on the left and 192px on the right. Source: official, read on 2026-08-14.
What is the safe zone for Instagram Stories?
On a 1080×1920 frame, Instagram Stories reserves 269px at the top and 672px at the bottom, with 65px on the left and 65px on the right. Source: official, read on 2026-08-14.
What is the safe zone for Facebook Reels?
On a 1080×1920 frame, Facebook Reels reserves 269px at the top and 672px at the bottom, with 65px on the left and 65px on the right. Source: official, read on 2026-08-14.
What is the safe zone for Facebook Stories?
On a 1080×1920 frame, Facebook Stories reserves 250px at the top and 340px at the bottom, with not established on the left and not established on the right. Source: disputed, read on 2026-08-14.
What is the safe zone for Snapchat (Spotlight, Stories, Commercials - one shared spec)?
On a 1080×1920 frame, Snapchat (Spotlight, Stories, Commercials - one shared spec) reserves 192px at the top and 672px at the bottom, with 65px on the left and 162px on the right. Source: official, read on 2026-08-14.
Is the vertical video safe area centred?
No. The box that satisfies every platform sits 90 pixels, or 8.3% of frame width, left of the centre line, because every platform places its action rail on the right. A subject composed dead centre drifts under that rail.
How much of a vertical frame is actually usable?
On 1080×1920 the usable box is 660×960 pixels: 61% of the width and exactly half the height. A vertical video is compositionally a roughly square window floating in the upper middle of a tall frame.
Do LinkedIn and X publish safe zones for vertical video?
Not that we could find. Both are recorded here as not established rather than estimated, because a guessed safe zone is one somebody composes a shot to.
Practices worth keeping
- Reserve about a third of the bottom of the frame, on every platform. Three of the four platforms with published specs independently converge on exactly 35% (Meta across three placements, Google at 672/1920, Snapchat's diagram) and TikTok's standard template lands at 34.4%. This is the single most robust number in the whole research set - four publishers, arrived at separately, agreeing to within 0.6 of a percentage point.
- Reserve the right side much more heavily than the left. Every platform that models its action rail is strongly asymmetric: TikTok 11% left against 22-28% right, YouTube 4.4% left against 17.8% right, Snapchat 6% left against 15% right. Only Meta claims symmetry, and Meta's 6% right demonstrably does not cover its own action rail. The practical instruction is to offset the subject left of centre by roughly 8% of frame width.
- Sound is assumed ON, and captions are still mandatory. Google states sound 'has been shown to increase conversions by over 20%' on Shorts; Meta marks sound 'strongly recommended' on Reels; Snap expects audio on video ads; TikTok rejects ads with missing or muffled audio. But every one of them also recommends captions, so the working assumption is design for sound-off comprehension while producing for sound-on reward.
- Native-looking beats polished, per the platforms themselves rather than per marketing blogs. Google's official Shorts guidance is to 'Make your ads feel organic and social-first. Blend your ad creative with the surrounding organic content.'
- Do not set up a premise. Google's official Shorts guidance: 'there's no need to set up a premise or establish a storyline with lots of extra context.' Snap's official recommendation for a single image or video ad is 3-5 seconds, and TikTok's for TopView is 9-15 seconds. Across the three platforms that state a duration preference, the recommended lengths are far shorter than the permitted ones.
- Text must survive a white-on-white collision. TikTok states its captions and music attribution render 'in white with a uniform font that can't be customized', so a bright lower third makes platform-drawn text illegible over your footage. Snap independently asks for 'modern, legible fonts in large enough sizes and with strong color contrast'.
- Compose for more than one crop. Instagram re-crops a Reel to a 1:1.55 cover and a taller-than-square grid tile; Google states the YouTube player 'can compress up to a 1:1 aspect ratio' on interaction, cropping top and bottom. A frame that only works at 9:16 will fail somewhere.
- Treat conditional overlays as hard constraints when they are unpredictable. Snap explicitly says Dynamic CTA placement 'may also be dynamically selected' and that those variants 'do not appear in Ads Preview'. TikTok explicitly says the safe zone varies with caption length. Where the platform admits it cannot tell you, over-reserve.
Where sources disagree
Recorded rather than resolved. A platform contradicting itself is a fact about the platform, and hiding it would make this page look tidier than the field is.
- Meta contradicts itself on the bottom band: 35% on Instagram Reels, Instagram Stories and Facebook Reels versus 20% (340 pixels) on Facebook Stories, all in the same ads guide. Compose to 35%.
- Meta's percentage and pixel figures do not reconcile on Facebook Stories: '14% (250 pixels)' and '20% (340 pixels)' imply a reference frame of about 1786px tall, not 1920 or 2560. The percentages are the safer reading.
- TikTok contradicts itself on the right margin across two template generations: 27.78% total in the standard 720x1280 template versus 22.22% in the with-anchor 540x960 template.
- TikTok's bottom band ranges from 34.4% (standard, no anchor) to 52.9% (anchor plus four caption lines) - an 18.5-point spread within TikTok's own official templates, driven by caption length and the CTA button.
- Snapchat's own diagram prints both 35% and 45% bottom brackets without saying which format governs which.
- Snapchat official versus the secondary web: Snap's current diagram says 10% top / 35% bottom / 6% sides / 15% right rail, while a large and mutually-copying set of blogs still says 150px top / 330px bottom and mentions no side reserve at all. The blogs appear to be repeating a superseded spec.
- Meta's 6% side reserve versus everyone else's 15-28% right reserve. Meta is the outlier and appears simply not to model its own action rail. Do not build a cross-platform master on Meta's side figure.
- Whether an Instagram Reel is cropped to 4:5 in the home feed is asserted by many blogs but is contradicted by Meta's own Instagram Feed video placement page, which specifies 9:16 at 1080x1920 with 1% tolerance. Unresolved.
- Whether the Instagram profile grid tile is 3:4 or 4:5 after the 2025 change is disputed among secondary sources and no official statement was retrieved.
- Blog-circulated TikTok figures of 'top 130px, bottom 484px, right 140px, left 44px' on a 1080x1920 frame match neither of TikTok's official templates, and no source citing them names a primary source.
Low confidence, flagged
- TikTok's 80px blue side bands: TikTok's template marks them but does not label what they represent. They are read here as device-edge / crop margin rather than UI overlay, because no TikTok UI element sits there. The 11.11% value is measured reliably; the interpretation is inference.
- The 45% Snapchat bottom bracket: real and printed on Snap's official diagram, but unattributed to any format.
- Google's 288/672/48/192 is titled 'Vertical Video Ads' and spans in-stream, in-feed and Shorts across five campaign types. It is conservative for Shorts-organic rather than Shorts-specific.
- All TikTok numbers derive from advertising templates. TikTok publishes no organic safe zone, so the organic bottom band is smaller than stated by an unknown amount.
- Every platform's official page carried no visible publication or last-updated date. All dates in this file are retrieval dates, not source dates. These numbers should be re-verified against the templates and diagrams rather than trusted from a cache.
Platform by platform
TikTok feed (In-Feed / For You)
official-template-measured
TikTok's stated minimum for vertical is 540x960 (9:16); it also accepts 1:1 (>=640x640) and 16:9 (>=960x540), but non-vertical assets are letterboxed and lose a large amount of usable frame (see crops). TikTok's own safe zone templates are authored on 720x1280 (standard) and 540x960 (with-anchor) canvases; all values below are scaled to 1080x1920. TikTok publishes no resolution 'recommendation' beyond the minimum, so 1080x1920 is a production convention, not a TikTok spec.
- Top
- 240px
- Bottom
- 660px
- Left
- 120px
- Right
- 300px
The safe area is not a plain rectangle. Above the action rail the right margin is only 120px (11.11%); the 300px (27.78%) right margin applies only across the vertical band the rail occupies, measured at y 840-1260 on a 1080x1920 frame. The conservative rectangle is x 120-780, y 240-1260 = 660x1020px.
Always there
- Top status bar and tab switcher
- Right-hand action rail (profile, like, comment, share, sound disc)
- Account handle and sound attribution strip at the bottom
- Bottom app navigation bar
- The 11.11% left and right edge margins marked on TikTok's own template
Only sometimes
- Caption length: TikTok states in writing that 'the safe zone size is determined by the dimension (vertical, horizontal, or square), ad caption length, and any additional formats used'. Measured from TikTok's four official with-anchor templates, the bottom unsafe band grows with caption lines: 1 line 42.4% (814px), 2 lines 45.9% (881px), 3 lines 49.5% (950px), 4 lines 52.9% (1016px) of a 1920px frame.
- Anchor / CTA button (ads only): present in the with-anchor templates and absent from the standard one. This is the single biggest swing on TikTok.
- 'Sponsored' label: ads only.
- Comment overlays and the tap-to-pause progress bar appear on interaction and are not in any published template.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Status bar (clock, battery, signal), the Following / For You tab switcher, and the search icon. Measured unsafe band 160px on TikTok's 720x1280 template = 240px at 1080x1920.
- Bottom
- Account handle, ad caption (white text, uniform font, max 4 lines, per TikTok's own spec), 'Sponsored' label on ads, the music/sound attribution ticker, the CTA or anchor button, and TikTok's own bottom app nav bar (Home / Discover / + / Inbox / Me).
- Right
- The vertical action rail: profile avatar with follow '+', like, comment, share, and the spinning sound disc.
- Left
- No UI element. TikTok's template still marks an 80px (of 720) blue edge band on BOTH sides, i.e. 11.11% or 120px at 1080x1920, as a device-edge / crop margin rather than a UI overlay.
Instagram Reels
official
Meta's ads guide for the Instagram Reels placement specifies 1440x2560 and 9:16, with 1% aspect ratio tolerance, min width 250px (500px for assets over 30s), max 4GB, MP4/MOV. Instagram's consumer help center states organic Reels accept '1.91:1 or 9:16' with a 720px minimum and 30fps minimum.
- Top
- 269px
- Bottom
- 672px
- Left
- 65px
- Right
- 65px
Meta expresses this only as percentages, so it scales cleanly. On 1080x1920: top 269, bottom 672, sides 65. On Meta's own recommended 1440x2560: top 358, bottom 896, sides 86. Usable box on 1080x1920: 950x979px at x 65-1015, y 269-1248.
Always there
- Top status bar
- Right-hand action rail
- Profile handle, caption and audio attribution at the bottom
- 6% side edge margins
Only sometimes
- Call-to-action button and 'Sponsored' label: ads only. Meta's 35% bottom figure already assumes a CTA, so organic Reels have headroom Meta does not quantify.
- Caption length: a long caption pushes the text block higher. Meta publishes no per-caption-line numbers, unlike TikTok. Not established.
- Comment sheet and share sheet appear on interaction and are not covered by any published number.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Status bar, the 'Reels' title and camera icon. Meta names 'devices with taller screens' as a reason for the top reserve, so part of this band is device-variance rather than a fixed overlay.
- Bottom
- Profile handle and follow button, caption, audio attribution strip, and the call-to-action button on ads. Meta's wording names 'the profile icon or call-to-action'.
- Right
- The vertical action rail: like, comment, share, save, more, and the rotating audio thumbnail. NOTE: Meta's single 6% side figure does NOT carve out the action rail, which visibly occupies far more than 6%. This is the weakest part of Meta's spec.
- Left
- No UI element; 6% is an edge/device-variance margin.
YouTube Shorts
official
1080x1920 is stated on Google's own safe zone diagram for vertical video ads. YouTube's Shorts classification is broader than 9:16: per YouTube Help, videos uploaded on or after 15 October 2024 with a square OR vertical aspect ratio and up to three minutes are categorised as Shorts. Google Ads Help adds that horizontal assets 'serve with blurred top and bottoms in the vertical Shorts experience', and that aspect ratios between 16:9 and 9:16 are allowed with the player adapting. So Shorts accepts 1:1 through 9:16, but only 9:16 uses the whole canvas.
- Top
- 288px
- Bottom
- 672px
- Left
- 48px
- Right
- 192px
These are Google's own pixel figures, stated on a 1080x1920 reference frame - the only platform in this set that publishes actual pixels. Usable box: 840x960px at x 48-888, y 288-1248. Note the pronounced left-right asymmetry: 48px left against 192px right.
Always there
- Top status bar and Shorts header
- Right-hand action rail (like, dislike, comment, share)
- Channel name, title and audio attribution at the bottom
- 48px left edge margin
Only sometimes
- CTA overlay card on ads: Google states it appears at 3 seconds for Performance Max, App and Demand Gen campaigns, and at 10 seconds for Video View and Video Reach campaigns. So on YouTube the bottom-most overlay is time-gated, not present from frame one - a genuinely different risk profile from TikTok.
- Description truncation: Google notes descriptions are 'limited to 90 characters' with truncation beyond 1-2 lines 'depending on device', so the bottom block's height is device-dependent.
- Player compression on interaction: Google states that when a user interacts with the app, 'the video player can compress up to a 1:1 aspect ratio. This will crop the displayed video at the bottom and top.' This is a conditional crop, not an overlay, and it is the harshest conditional risk on YouTube.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Status bar, YouTube Shorts header and search icon. 288px is the largest top reserve of any platform here.
- Bottom
- Channel name and avatar, video title/description, the 'Sponsored' or ad label, the audio attribution strip, and the CTA overlay card. Google states the mobile CTA overlay card shows a headline (40 characters) and description (90 characters).
- Right
- The action rail: like, dislike, comment, share, remix and the audio thumbnail. Google explicitly names 'Like, dislike, comment, and share buttons appear alongside the ad'. 192px is the widest published right-hand reserve after TikTok's.
- Left
- Only 48px (4.44%), an edge margin. Google reserves almost nothing on the left.
Instagram Stories
official
Meta's ads guide Instagram Stories video placement: Ratio 9:16, Resolution 1440 x 2560, aspect ratio tolerance 1%, min width 250px, duration 1s to 60 minutes, max 4GB, MP4/MOV/GIF.
- Top
- 269px
- Bottom
- 672px
- Left
- 65px
- Right
- 65px
Identical percentages to Instagram Reels. On 1080x1920: top 269, bottom 672, sides 65. On 1440x2560: top 358, bottom 896, sides 86.
Always there
- Progress bar, avatar, handle and timestamp at the top
- Reply field and send controls at the bottom
- 6% side edge margins
Only sometimes
- Progress bar segmentation: the bar splits into one segment per story in the sequence, so its visual density - though not its height - varies with how many stories the account has posted. The height itself is inside the 14% either way.
- CTA / swipe-up and 'Sponsored' label: ads only.
- Stickers, polls, questions, link stickers and music stickers placed by the poster occupy arbitrary positions and are not covered by any published number.
- Tap-to-advance zones cover the left and right thirds of the screen; they are invisible but mean interactive elements should not be composed at the edges.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Story progress bar segments, profile avatar and handle, timestamp, and the close/more controls. Stories is the one surface where the top band contains a genuinely variable element.
- Bottom
- Reply/message field, the swipe-up or CTA button on ads, 'Sponsored' label, and share/send controls.
- Right
- More menu and the send/share controls. Stories has no full-height action rail, which is why its right side is genuinely less contested than Reels or TikTok - but Meta publishes the same 6% for both, so the distinction is not reflected in the spec.
- Left
- No UI element; 6% edge margin.
Facebook Reels
official
Meta's ads guide, Facebook Reels video placement: Resolution 1440 x 2560 pixels, Ratio 9:16, MP4/MOV/GIF, H.264, square pixels, fixed frame rate, progressive scan, stereo AAC 128kbps+. Distinct from the separate 'Ads on Facebook Reels' OVERLAY placement, which is 1:1 at 1440x1440 - a different format that sits on top of someone else's reel.
- Top
- 269px
- Bottom
- 672px
- Left
- 65px
- Right
- 65px
Same percentages as Instagram Reels and Instagram Stories. On 1080x1920: top 269, bottom 672, sides 65. On 1440x2560: top 358, bottom 896, sides 86.
Always there
- Top status bar and Reels header
- Right-hand action rail
- Page name, caption and audio attribution at the bottom
- 6% side edge margins
Only sometimes
- CTA button and 'Sponsored' label: ads only.
- The separate 'Ads on Facebook Reels' overlay format (1:1, 1440x1440) can be placed over an organic reel by an advertiser, adding an overlay the reel's own creator cannot predict or design around. This is a conditional overlay unique to Facebook.
- Caption length effect: not established.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Status bar, Reels header, and back/search controls.
- Bottom
- Page name and follow button, caption, audio attribution, CTA button on ads, and Facebook's bottom app navigation.
- Right
- Action rail: like, comment, share, more, audio thumbnail. As with Instagram Reels, Meta's 6% does not model the rail.
- Left
- No UI element; 6% edge margin.
Facebook Stories
disputed
Meta's ads guide, Facebook Stories video placement: Resolution 1440 x 2560 pixels, Ratio 9:16, MP4/MOV/GIF, duration 1 second to 3 minutes, max 4GB.
- Top
- 250px
- Bottom
- 340px
- Left
- not established
- Right
- not established
Meta states this one as a percentage AND a pixel pair - '14% (250 pixels)' and '20% (340 pixels)' - and the two do not agree with each other: 250/1920 = 13.0% and 340/1920 = 17.7%. Both readings are recorded rather than reconciled. Meta gives NO side figure at all for Facebook Stories, unlike the other three placements.
Always there
- Progress bar, avatar, Page name and timestamp at the top
- Bottom reply/share controls
Only sometimes
- Call-to-action button and 'Sponsored' label: ads only.
- Progress bar segmentation varies with the number of stories in the sequence.
- Poster-placed stickers and links: arbitrary position, not covered by any published number.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Progress bar, profile avatar and Page name, timestamp, close control.
- Bottom
- Call-to-action button, 'Sponsored' label, and reply/share controls. Meta's wording names only 'UI elements such as the call-to-action'.
- Right
- not established - Meta publishes no side reserve for this placement.
- Left
- not established - Meta publishes no side reserve for this placement.
Snapchat (Spotlight, Stories, Commercials - one shared spec)
official
Snap's own ad format page states Aspect ratio 9:16 and Resolution 720x1280 for Single Image or Video ads, Story Ads and Sponsored Snaps, with .mp4/.mov/.jpg/.png accepted. 720x1280 is Snap's stated figure, not a minimum-versus-recommended distinction - Snap does not publish a 1080x1920 recommendation.
- Top
- 192px
- Bottom
- 672px
- Left
- 65px
- Right
- 162px
Snap publishes percentages on a diagram, not pixels; the pixel column above is those percentages applied to 1080x1920. The diagram also marks a DEEPER bottom bracket of 45% (864px on a 1920 frame) alongside the 35% one, without labelling which formats each applies to. The right-hand 15% applies only across the lower portion where the action rail sits - the diagram's red safe rectangle is a stepped shape, full width to 6% above the rail and stepping in to 15% across it. Usable box on 1080x1920, taking 35% bottom: 953x1056px at x 65-1018, y 192-1248; taking 15% right across the rail band, 853px wide there.
Always there
- Top bar with avatar and tab switcher
- Right-hand action rail across its band
- Brand name, headline and 'Ad' label at the bottom
- Bottom app navigation bar
- 6% side edge margins
- Progress bar (named by Snap as a standing overlay element)
Only sometimes
- Dynamic CTA: Snap states that 'For eligible Snap Ads, CTA format and placement may also be dynamically selected' and that 'Dynamic CTA variants themselves do not appear in Ads Preview'. This is the most explicit admission of an unpredictable overlay from any platform in this set - Snap is telling you the CTA can move and that you cannot preview where.
- The 45% versus 35% bottom bracket: the diagram carries both without saying which format each governs. Snap's prose says only that 'each format has defined top, bottom, and side buffers'. Which formats take 45% is not established.
- Collection-ad product tiles occupy the lower band and are format-conditional.
What occupies each edge
- Top
- Snap's article names 'brand name, headline, call-to-action pill, or progress bar' as the overlay set; in the diagram the top band holds the avatar, the For You / Following tab switcher, and add-friend and add-story icons. 10% is the shallowest top reserve of any platform in this file.
- Bottom
- Brand name, headline, the 'Ad' label, collection-ad product tiles where present, the CTA pill, and Snapchat's own bottom app navigation bar.
- Right
- Action rail: profile with follow '+', heart, share arrow, and the more menu. Reserved 15% across the band it occupies.
- Left
- No UI element; 6% edge margin.
LinkedIn vertical video
not established
LinkedIn has a vertical video feed and accepts 9:16, but no LinkedIn-published safe zone specification was located in this research.
- Top
- not established
- Bottom
- not established
- Left
- not established
- Right
- not established
Always there
Only sometimes
What occupies each edge
- Top
- not established
- Bottom
- not established
- Right
- not established
- Left
- not established
X (Twitter) vertical video
not established
X supports a vertical video feed but no X-published safe zone specification was located.
- Top
- not established
- Bottom
- not established
- Left
- not established
- Right
- not established
Always there
Only sometimes
What occupies each edge
- Top
- not established
- Bottom
- not established
- Right
- not established
- Left
- not established
Method
Official platform documentation first. Where a platform publishes its safe zone only as a downloadable template or diagram rather than as text, the template/diagram was downloaded and measured pixel-by-pixel; those measurements are labelled 'official-template-measured' and the template URL is recorded. No zone value in this file is an estimate. Zones with no reliable source say 'not established'.
Sources
- ads.tiktok.com/help/article/tiktok-auction-in-feed-ads?lang=en
- lf-tt4b.tiktokcdn.com/obj/i18nblog/tt4b_cms/en-US/5jqet0ab9qci-10e7f5Vig4u…
- lf-tt4b.tiktokcdn.com/obj/i18nblog/tt4b_cms/en-US/5jqet0ab9qci-2ECwVwzIZXP…
- ads.tiktok.com/help/article/tiktok-reservation-topview
- facebook.com/business/ads-guide/update/video/instagram-reels?locale=en_US
- facebook.com/business/ads-guide/update/video/instagram-story?locale=en_US
- facebook.com/business/ads-guide/update/video/facebook-facebook-reels?local…
- facebook.com/business/ads-guide/update/video/facebook-story?locale=en_US
- facebook.com/business/ads-guide/update/video/instagram-feed?locale=en_US
- facebook.com/business/ads-guide/video/facebook-facebook-reels-overlay
- facebook.com/business/help/980593475366490
- facebook.com/help/1038071743007909
- storage.googleapis.com/support-kms-prod/jbb4hOyc2nGdunbKddqpFAEQpHOQvy582jIR
- support.google.com/google-ads/answer/9128498?hl=en
- support.google.com/google-ads/answer/16041697?hl=en
- support.google.com/youtube/answer/15424877?hl=en
- support.google.com/youtube/answer/10059070
- businesshelp.snapchat.com/s/article/safe-zones
- businesshelp.snapchat.com/servlet/rtaImage?eid=ka0Uf0000008RO1&feoid=00N0y…
- forbusiness.snapchat.com/resources/advertising-guides/ad-specs
- businesshelp.snapchat.com/s/article/top-snap-specs
- strikesocial.com/blog/maximize-ad-visibility-and-cut-through-the-noise-wit…